Site News
Warning: This wiki contains spoilers. Read at your own risk!

Social media: If you would like, please join our Discord server, and/or follow us on Twitter (X) or Tumblr!

Super Smash Bros. Ultimate: Difference between revisions

From Fire Emblem Wiki, your source on Fire Emblem information. By fans, for fans.
mNo edit summary
(4 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 207: Line 207:
* [[Camus]]
* [[Camus]]
* Sirius
* Sirius
* [[Alm]] & [[Celica]] (Young)
* [[Alm]] & [[Celica]] <small>(Young)</small>
* Alm & Celica
* Alm & Celica
|
|
Line 282: Line 282:
* [[Ryoma]] (runs the Demon Style dojo)
* [[Ryoma]] (runs the Demon Style dojo)


<!--===Music===
===Music===
The Nintendo 3DS version contains six ''Fire Emblem'' musical tracks. Downloadable content is marked with a §.
There are forty-one tracks from the ''Fire Emblem'' series in ''Smash Bros. Ultimate''.


* '''[[Sound Test of Fire Emblem Awakening|Id (Purpose)]]''': A shortened version of the {{title|Awakening}} [[Grima (chapter)|Endgame]] map and battle theme, otherwise directly imported from ''Awakening''. It is the primary musical track for the [[Arena Ferox]].
* '''Fire Emblem''': This fast-paced medley of the "[[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: Shadow Dragon|Come, Join Us]]" and the [[Fire Emblem Theme]] originating from {{SSBM}} returns once again. It is the alternate music track for the Arena Ferox, which has a small chance of playing in battles there and can be forced to play by holding the R button when selecting the stage.
* '''With Mila's Divine Protection (Celica Map 1)''': The {{SSBB}} rendition of the map theme used in [[Celica]]'s battles in {{FE2}} returns once again. It is used as one of many optional soundtracks for the game's [[smashwiki:Smash Run|Smash Run]] mode, and does not appear on a normal stage.
* '''Lost in Thoughts All Alone'''  §: A remixed version of [[Azura]]'s signature song. It is an optional soundtrack for Smash Run and does not play on a normal stage. It is available only if Corrin has been downloaded.
* '''Fire Emblem Victory:''' Ported directly from ''Brawl'', this brief portion of the Fire Emblem Theme is used once again as Marth, Ike, Robin, Lucina, Roy, and Corrin's victory fanfare.
The Wii U version contains twenty ''Fire Emblem'' musical tracks.
* '''[[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: Radiant Dawn|The Devoted]]''': A battle theme from {{FE10}} used primarily in chapters focusing on [[Ike]] and the [[Greil Mercenaries]], directly imported with no alterations. It is played on Coliseum.<ref>Nintendo (2014). ''[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=edCQDRuL8Dk#t=455 Nintendo Treehouse: Live @ E3 - Day 2: Super Smash Bros. for Wii U ]'' [online] YouTube. [Accessed July 24 2014]</ref>
* '''Coliseum Series Medley''': A medley of the musical tracks played in [[arena]] battles in {{FE4}} and {{FE6}}. It is played on Coliseum.
* '''Fight 1 (Fire Emblem Gaiden)''': A cover of the player-phase battle theme from {{FE2}}. It is played on Coliseum, and is also among the tracks listed which will appear in the Wii U version's soundtrack CD release.<ref name="50fact" />
* '''Meeting Theme Series Medley''': A medley of [[recruitment]] themes from across the series. It is played on Coliseum.
* '''Fire Emblem: Mystery of the Emblem Medley''': A medley of tracks from {{FE3}}, adapting the following songs from it and [[FE12|its remake]] (in order of appearance): [[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: New Mystery of the Emblem|"Advance", "Early Initiative", "Late Initiative"]] and the [[Fire Emblem Theme]]. It is played on Coliseum.
* '''[[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: Radiant Dawn|Time of Action]]''': A battle theme from {{FE10}} used in the Apostle's Army chapters in the latter half of Part 3, directly imported with no alterations. It is played on Coliseum.
* '''[[Sound Test of Fire Emblem Awakening|Id (Purpose)]]''': The map and battle theme for the [[Grima (chapter)|Endgame]] of {{FE13}}, directly imported with no alterations. It is played on Coliseum.
* '''[[Sound Test of Fire Emblem Awakening|Duty (Ablaze)]]''': A player-phase battle theme from ''Awakening'', directly imported with no alterations. It is played on Coliseum.
* '''[[Sound Test of Fire Emblem Awakening|Conquest (Ablaze)]]''': A player-phase battle theme from ''Awakening'' used in its [[skirmish]]es, directly imported with no alterations. It is played on Coliseum.
* '''[[Fire Emblem Theme]]''': This operatic, orchestral performance of the series' main theme returns with the Castle Siege stage, as one of the tracks played on it.  
* '''[[Fire Emblem Theme]]''': This operatic, orchestral performance of the series' main theme returns with the Castle Siege stage, as one of the tracks played on it.  
* '''Fire Emblem''': This fast-paced medley of the "[[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: Shadow Dragon|Come, Join Us]]" and the [[Fire Emblem Theme]] originating from {{SSBM}} returns once again, played on Castle Siege.
* '''[[Fire Emblem Theme]] <small>(Heroic Origins)</small>''': A rock arrangement of {{FEH}}{{'}}s version of the Fire Emblem Theme.
* '''Shadow Dragon Medley''': A medley of music from {{FE1}}, returning from ''Brawl''. It is played on Castle Siege.
* '''Code Name: F.E.''': A medley of the Fire Emblem Theme and ''The Binding Blade''{{'}}s [[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: The Binding Blade|"Winning Road - Roy's Hope"]], taken directly from {{steam}}.
* '''With Mila's Divine Protection (Celica Map 1)''': The {{SSBB}} rendition of the map theme used in [[Celica]]'s battles in {{FE2}} returns with the Castle Siege stage, as one one the tracks played on it.
* '''Lords-A Chance Encounter''': A rock arrangement of [[Fire Emblem: THE BEST Vol.1|"Story 1: The Beginning of Each Map"]], taken directly from {{steam}}.
* '''[[Fire Emblem: THE BEST Vol.1|Story 5 Meeting]]''': This fast-paced medley of ''Shadow Dragon and the Blade of Light''{{'}}s "Story 5: Meeting" and the [[Fire Emblem Theme]] originating from {{SSBM}} returns once again.
* '''Shadow Dragon Medley''': A medley of music from {{FE1}} (namely [[Fire Emblem: THE BEST Vol.1|"Battle Map 2: CP Side's Attack", "Story 1: The Beginning of Each Map", and "Battle Map 1: Player Side's Attack"]]), returning from ''Brawl''.
* '''[[Sound Test of Fire Emblem Echoes: Shadows of Valentia|March to Deliverance]]''': Alm's player phase map ported directly from {{FE15}}.
* '''With Mila's Divine Protection (Celica Map 1)''': The {{SSBB}} rendition of [[Fire Emblem: THE BEST Vol.1|"Battle Map 3: Battle Map 2-1 (Celica 1)"]], the player phase theme for Celica's maps from {{FE2}}, returns from ''Brawl''.
* '''Fight 1 - Fire Emblem Gaiden''': A cover of the player-phase battle theme from {{FE2}}, [[Fire Emblem: THE BEST Vol.1|"Fight 1 (Player Side)"]], returning from ''for Wii U''.
* '''Lords-Showdown''': Taken directly from {{steam}}, this is a medley of ''Gaiden''{{'}}s [[Fire Emblem: THE BEST Vol.1|"Fight 1 (Player Side)"]] and ''Shadow Dragon and the Blade of Light''{{'}}s [[Fire Emblem: THE BEST Vol.1|"Story 5: Meeting"]].
* '''Those Who Challenge Gods''': Ported directly from ''Shadows of Valentia'', this track played when attacking enemies in the maps leading up to the final map.
* '''[[Sound Museum track list of Fire Emblem: Mystery of the Emblem|Under This Banner]]''': A new arrangement of {{FE3}}{{'}}s "Under This Banner", which plays on the player phase in the first 19 chapters of Book 1.
* '''[[Sound Museum track list of Fire Emblem: Mystery of the Emblem|Advance]]''': A new arrangement of {{FE3}}{{'}}s "Advance", which plays in the first eight chapters of Book 2.
* '''Fire Emblem: Mystery of the Emblem Medley''': A medley of tracks from {{FE3}}, adapting the following songs from it and [[FE12|its remake]] (in order of appearance): [[Sound Museum track list of Fire Emblem: Mystery of the Emblem|"Advance", "Attack", "Defense"]], and the [[Fire Emblem Theme]]. It returns from ''for Wii U''.
* '''Coliseum Series Medley''': A medley of the musical tracks played in [[arena]] battles in {{FE4}} and {{FE6}}, returning from ''for Wii U''.
* '''Meeting Theme Series Medley''': A medley of [[recruitment]] themes from across the series (namely ''Mystery of the Emblem''{{'}}s [[Sound Museum track list of Fire Emblem: Mystery of the Emblem|"Meeting Theme"]], ''The Sacred Stones''{{'}} [[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: The Sacred Stones|"Comrades"]], ''Genealogy of the Holy War''{{'}}s [[Fire Emblem: Genealogy of Holy-War Original Sound Version|"Joining"]], and ''Thracia 776''{{'}}s [[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: Thracia 776|"In Chapter - Joining"]]). Returns from ''for Wii U''.
* [[Fire Emblem: Genealogy of Holy-War Original Sound Version|Edge of Adversity]]: A new arrangement of the song in {{FE4}} which plays after the conclusion of the first generation, though with the intro cut.
* '''[[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: The Binding Blade|Beyond Distant Skies - Roy's Departure]]''': A new arrangement of [[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: The Binding Blade|the song of the same name]] from {{FE6}}, which played on the player phase in chapters 1-8 as well as 15 and 16.
* '''[[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: The Binding Blade|Winning Road - Roy's Hope]]''': A cover of [[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: The Binding Blade|the song of the same name]] from {{FE6}}, returning from ''Brawl''. It is played on Castle Siege, and needs to be unlocked by randomly collecting it.
* '''[[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: The Binding Blade|Winning Road - Roy's Hope]]''': A cover of [[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: The Binding Blade|the song of the same name]] from {{FE6}}, returning from ''Brawl''. It is played on Castle Siege, and needs to be unlocked by randomly collecting it.
* '''Attack (Fire Emblem)''': A medley of the songs [[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: The Blazing Blade|"Strike" and "Rise to the Challenge"]] from {{FE7}}, returning from ''Brawl''. It is played on Castle Siege.
* '''Attack - Fire Emblem''': A medley of the songs [[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: The Blazing Blade|"Strike" and "Rise to the Challenge"]] from {{FE7}}, returning from ''Brawl''.
* '''Preparing to Advance''': A cover of [[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: The Sacred Stones|"Combat Preparation"]] from {{FE8}}, returning from ''Brawl''. It is played on Castle Siege.
* '''Preparing to Advance''': A cover of [[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: The Sacred Stones|"Combat Preparation"]] from {{FE8}}, returning from ''Brawl''.
* '''Crimea Army Sortie''': The map theme [[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: Path of Radiance|"Crimea Attacks"]] from {{FE9}}, completely unaltered from its original appearance, returns from ''Brawl''. It is played on Castle Siege.
* '''Victory Is Near''': An overworld theme from {{FE9}} played in certain chapters when close to completion, completely unaltered from its original appearance, returns from ''Brawl''.
* '''Against the Dark Knight''':{{sic}} The [[Black Knight (character)|Black Knight]]'s battle theme in {{FE9}}, completely unaltered from its original appearance, returns from ''Brawl''. It is played on Castle Siege.
* '''Crimean Army Sortie''': The map theme [[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: Path of Radiance|"Crimea Attacks"]] from {{FE9}}, completely unaltered from its original appearance, returns from ''Brawl''.
* '''Victory Is Near''': An overworld theme from {{FE9}} played in certain chapters when close to completion, completely unaltered from its original appearance, returns from ''Brawl''. It is played on Castle Siege.
* '''Against the Dark Knight''':{{sic}} The [[Black Knight (character)|Black Knight]]'s battle theme in {{FE9}}, "Against the Black Knight", completely unaltered from its original appearance, returns from ''Brawl''.
* '''[[Lost in Thoughts All Alone]]''' §: [[Azura]]'s trademark song comes in two versions: a shortened version with some of the lyrics removed, and a remixed version without vocals. As with the full version in {{title|Fates}}, the shortened version is sung by Renka in the Japanese version and by Rena Strober in the English version. Both versions are available only if Corrin has been downloaded and play on Castle Siege and Coliseum.
* '''Power-Hungry Fool''': Oliver's theme song in ''Path of Radiance'', completely unaltered from its original appearance, returns from ''Brawl''.
* '''Fire Emblem Victory:''' Ported directly from ''Brawl'', this brief portion of the Fire Emblem Theme is used once again as Marth, Ike, Robin, Lucina, Roy, and Corrin's victory fanfare.
* '''[[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: Radiant Dawn|Eternal Bond]]''': A map theme from {{FE10}} used primarily in chapters focusing on [[Ike]] and the [[Greil Mercenaries]], directly imported with no alterations. Returns from ''Brawl'' and ''for Wii U'', though with its name changed to match ''Radiant Dawn''.
-->
* '''[[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: Radiant Dawn|The Devoted]]''': A battle theme from {{FE10}} used primarily in chapters focusing on [[Ike]] and the [[Greil Mercenaries]], directly imported with no alterations. Returns from ''for Wii U''.
 
* '''[[Sound Room of Fire Emblem: Radiant Dawn|Time of Action]]''': A battle theme from {{FE10}} used in the Apostle's Army chapters in the latter half of Part 3, directly imported with no alterations. It returns from ''for Wii U''.
* '''[[Soundtrack of Fire Emblem Awakening|Prelude (Ablaze)]]''': A new arrangement of the player phase battle theme from the prologue and second chapter of ''Awakening''.
* '''[[Soundtrack of Fire Emblem Awakening|Destiny (Ablaze)]]''': A new arrangement of a player phase battle theme from ''Awakening''.
* '''[[Soundtrack of Fire Emblem Awakening|Duty (Ablaze)]]''': A player-phase battle theme from ''Awakening'', directly imported with no alterations. Returns from ''for Wii U''.
* '''[[Soundtrack of Fire Emblem Awakening|Conquest (Ablaze)]]''': A player-phase battle theme from ''Awakening'' used in its [[skirmish]]es, directly imported with no alterations. Returns from ''for Wii U''.
* '''[[Soundtrack of Fire Emblem Awakening|Id (Purpose)]]''': A new arrangement of the map and battle theme for the [[Grima (chapter)|Endgame]] of {{FE13}}.
* '''[[Soundtrack of Fire Emblem Awakening|Id (Purpose)]]''': A direct port of the map and battle theme for the [[Grima (chapter)|Endgame]] of {{FE13}}. Returns from ''for Wii U''.
* '''[[Lost in Thoughts All Alone]]''': A new instrumental arrangement of the main theme of {{FE14}}.
* '''Lost in Thoughts All Alone (JP)''': A shortened version of [[Azura]]'s trademark song, returning from ''Smash Bros. for Wii U''. As with the full version in {{title|Fates}}, the shortened version is sung by Renka.
* '''Lost in Thoughts All Alone''': A shortened version of [[Azura]]'s trademark song, returning from ''Smash Bros. for Wii U''. As with the full version in {{title|Fates}}, the shortened version is sung by Rena Strober.
* '''[[Lost in Thoughts All Alone]] <small>(for 3DS / Wii U)</small>''': The instrumental arrangement of the main theme of {{FE14}}, returning from ''for 3DS / Wii U''.
* '''Gear Up For...''': A new arrangement of the menu theme of {{FEH}}.
* '''Lords of a Dead Empire''': Taken directly from {{FE15}}, this track plays on Rudolf's map.
* '''The Scions' Dance in Purgatory''': The boss battle theme for the final encounter with [[Berkut]], taken directly from {{FE15}}.
* '''Fire Emblem Victory''' (conjectural title): Taken from ''Brawl'' and ''Smash 4'', but it is edited so that the tempo is slightly faster, and additionally the tempo is sped up further near the end. This brief portion of the Fire Emblem Theme is used as Marth, Roy, Chrom, and Ike's victory fanfare.
* '''Fire Emblem Awakening Victory''' (conjectural title): A brief portion of "Id (Purpose)". Used as Lucina and Robin's victory fanfare.
* '''Fire Emblem Fates Victory''' (conjectural title): A brief portion of "Lost in Thoughts All Alone". Used as Corrin's victory fanfare.


==Trivia==
==Trivia==

Revision as of 01:09, 30 December 2018

SSB.png This article or section is a short summary of Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.
SmashWiki features a more in-depth article.
Super Smash Bros. Ultimate

Ba america ssbu.jpg
North American box art.

Developer(s)
Publisher(s)

Nintendo

Designer(s)

Masahiro Sakurai

Release date(s)

WWDecember 7, 2018

Rating(s)

ACB: PG
ESRB: E10+
PEGI: 12
USK: 12

Platform(s)

Nintendo Switch

Predecessor

Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U

Successor

N/A

On partnered sites

Super Smash Bros. Ultimate (Japanese: 大乱闘スマッシュブラザーズ SPECIAL Great Melee Smash Brothers Special) is a fighting video game for the Nintendo Switch, releasing December 7, 2018 in all regions it is being released in.

As with other games in the franchise other than the first game, it features characters from the Fire Emblem series participating in the game alongside those of other Nintendo franchises.

Characters

Smash Bros. Ultimate contains every single character from the past four games, including six Fire Emblem characters: Marth, Roy, Ike, Robin, Lucina, and Corrin; in addition to these, Chrom makes his playable debut as a clone of Roy. Lyn also returns as an assist trophy, and the Black Knight and Tiki debut as new assist trophies.

Playable cast

Only the eight starter characters from the original Super Smash Bros. will be unlocked by default, with all other characters needing to be unlocked. However, the Mii Fighters are instead available via customization, and unlocks will be much faster and easier than in previous games.

Characters making their Super Smash Bros. debut in this game are listed in bold. Characters who are officially considered "echo fighters" (a subcategory of clones) are marked with an ε. Characters who are available from the start are marked with a ‡. Characters who will be available for separate purchase through downloadable content are marked with a §, and downloadable characters who are not presently available in the games are also listed in italics. Characters who are available via customization are marked with an asterisk.

Marth

SSBU Marth.png
SSB.png This article or section is a short summary of Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.
SmashWiki features a more in-depth article.

Marth returns from the previous titles. His voice in the Japanese version was redone (though keeping the same actor, Hikaru Midorikawa),[1] and his voice in other versions is now in English.[2] His design was changed somewhat to match New Mystery of the Emblem.

Lucina

SSBU Lucina.png
SSB.png This article or section is a short summary of Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.
SmashWiki features a more in-depth article.

Lucina returns from the previous title. She remains a clone of Marth, and she is part of the newly created "echo fighter" category.

Roy

SSBU Roy.png
SSB.png This article or section is a short summary of Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.
SmashWiki features a more in-depth article.

Roy returns from the previous titles.

Chrom

SSBU Chrom.png
SSB.png This article or section is a short summary of Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.
SmashWiki features a more in-depth article.

Chrom is a new character. He is an "echo fighter" of Roy, though he has a unique final smash, called "Awakening Aether", in which he performs Aether, and a different up special attack, which resembles Ike's (though it isn't exactly the same).

Ike

SSBU Ike RD.png
SSB.png This article or section is a short summary of Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.
SmashWiki features a more in-depth article.

Ike returns from the previous titles. He now has his Path of Radiance and Radiant Dawn designs as alternate costumes, with the former being the default. He has different voice clips between the two variants as well (they sound only slightly different in English, but are noticeably different in Japanese),[3][4] and he is now voiced by Greg Chun in English, replacing Jason Adkins.[5]

Robin

SSBU Robin F.png
SSB.png This article or section is a short summary of Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.
SmashWiki features a more in-depth article.

Robin returns from the previous title. Their weapons' remaining durability now shows up near their damage indicator.[6]

Corrin

SSBU Corrin F.png
SSB.png This article or section is a short summary of Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.
SmashWiki features a more in-depth article.

Corrin returns from the previous title.

Stages

All three Fire Emblem stages from past Super Smash Bros. games appear: Castle Siege from Smash Bros. Brawl, Arena Ferox from Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS, and Coliseum from Smash Bros. for Wii U.

Items

One item from the Fire Emblem series appears.

Assist Trophies

Assist Trophies are non-playable characters who can be summoned temporarily into a battle using the Assist Trophy item, in order to aid their summoner. Three Fire Emblem characters are available as Assist Trophies.

Collectibles

Spirits

Replacing trophies from previous titles, Spirits are new collectibles depicting characters from a host of iconic franchises. These Spirits can be used to grant fighters extra abilities, relating to the character the Spirit depicts. The Spirits are divided into four types.

Fighter Spirits

These Spirits represent the playable fighters. They cannot be equipped for battle and are simply for the player's viewing pleasure. There are 10 for the Fire Emblem series including alts.

Primary Spirits

These Spirits are equitable spirits that will boost the user's attack and defense. They are further divided into four categories: Attack, Shield, Grab, and Neutral. There are 42 for the Fire Emblem series.

Support Spirits

These Spirits can be equipped with Primaries to boost certain aspects of the user, like allowing them to heal over time, strengthening their magic attack, or start the battle with an item like the Killing Edge. There are 25 for the Fire Emblem series.

Master Spirits

These are unique Spirits found in the World of Light campaign. Instead of equipping them, defeating them in battle will allow the player to use their facilities to buy items or train Spirits. There are two for the Fire Emblem series.

  • Anna (runs a shop)
  • Ryoma (runs the Demon Style dojo)

Music

There are forty-one tracks from the Fire Emblem series in Smash Bros. Ultimate.

Trivia

Etymology and other languages

Names, etymology, and in other regions
Language Name Definition, etymology, and notes
English

Super Smash Bros. Ultimate

--

Spanish

Super Smash Bros. Ultimate

--

French

Super Smash Bros. Ultimate

--

German

Super Smash Bros. Ultimate

--

Italian

Super Smash Bros. Ultimate

--

Dutch

Super Smash Bros. Ultimate

--

Korean

슈퍼 스매시브라더스 얼티밋

Super Smash Bros. Ultimate

Simplified Chinese

任天堂明星大乱斗 特别版

Nintendo All-Star Great Melee Special Edition

Traditional Chinese

任天堂明星大亂鬥 特別版

Nintendo All-Star Great Melee Special Edition

Gallery

Fire Emblem-related

Character and item renders

Character screenshots

Stage screenshots

References

External links

Fire Emblem series
Main series Shadow Dragon & the Blade of LightGaidenMystery of the EmblemGenealogy of the Holy WarThracia 776The Binding BladeThe Blazing BladeThe Sacred StonesPath of RadianceRadiant DawnShadow DragonNew Mystery of the EmblemAwakeningFatesEchoes: Shadows of ValentiaThree HousesEngage
Spin-offs Archanea SagaTokyo Mirage Sessions ♯FEHeroesWarriorsWarriors: Three Hopes
Crossover games Super Smash Bros. (MeleeBrawlfor Nintendo 3DS and Wii UUltimate) • Club Nintendo Picross+Code Name: S.T.E.A.M.Project X Zone 2WarioWareDragalia Lost
Unreleased games and prototypes Fire Emblem 64The Blazing Blade pre-release build 0206The Blazing Blade pre-release build 0219The Sacred Stones prototypeFire Emblem Wii
TearRing Saga series Yutona Heroes War ChroniclesBerwick Saga
Vestaria Saga series War of the ScionsThe Sacred Sword of SilvanisterLucca GaidenChronicles of the Norden Civil War
Related titles Mario Kart: Double Dash!! bonus discLINENintendo Badge Arcade
Versions and releases List of version differencesLocalization of the Fire Emblem seriesVirtual Console
Other References in other mediaReferences to other media